1. Volatility: Because microwaves have short wavelengths and high frequencies, they have characteristics similar to light waves.

2. High-frequency characteristics: In terms of circuit characteristics, high-frequency effects such as skin effect, radiation effect, and distributed parameter effect must be considered, which do not play a major role at low frequencies. Because the microwave frequency is very high, its radiation effect is more significant. This means that when microwaves are transmitted on ordinary wires, as energy continues to radiate to the surrounding space, the wave transmission will quickly attenuate, so for transmission components There are special requirements.

3. Penetrating ability: Microwave has strong penetrating ability. When microwave acts on the medium, the medium will absorb the energy radiated by the microwave. Different media have different absorption abilities of microwave energy. As the microwave penetrates into the medium, the energy of the microwave decays exponentially.